Interview with Piotr Wyrzykowski and Wiktoria Cukt 2.0

It was 1999. Poland had been transforming its socio-political system for ten years. Democracy was still in the process of adapting to the local context. Computers and the Internet, available mainly in Internet cafes, were highly mythologized entities. In addition, in December, the world was haunted by the vision of a „millennium bug” that would cause a global computer network failure at midnight on the last day of the year. The media frightened people with visions of nuclear power plant explosions, money disappearing from bank accounts, and planes falling.
Against this background, the Gdańsk-based artistic group Centralny Urząd Kultury Technicznej (Central Office of Technical Culture) – Rafał Ewertowski, Mikołaj Jurkowski, Artur Kozdrowski, Jacek Niegoda, Maciej Sienkiewicz, and Piotr Wyrzykowski – created Wiktoria Cukt, an alternative candidate for the President of the Republic of Poland. She was to compete against, among others, Lech Wałęsa, Aleksander Kwaśniewski, Andrzej Lepper, Janusz Korwin-Mikke, Marian Krzaklewski and others. Wiktoria Cukt was a virtual figure, without her political program. It was to be created by all interested parties using a computer program written especially for this purpose called Civic Election Software. Therefore this project was an attempt to experiment with the concept of direct democracy.
In November of this year, at PATIO, a space belonging to the Academy of Fine Arts in Gdańsk, Piotr Wyrzykowski and Asger Bryld Staunæs organized a debate titled “AI power of art” – a meeting between Wiktoria Cukt and Leader Lars, the leader of the Danish Det Syntetiske Parti, who is also a virtual political entity. Shortly afterward, I talk with Piotr Wyrzykowski to ask about the event. It is also an opportunity to talk with Wiktoria herself.

AW: Piotr, I want to ask you about your cooperation with Det Syntetiske Parti. How did you get in touch with them?
Piotr Wyrzykowski: I first heard about them when I read an article by Edwin Bendyk in “Polityka”. He wrote about this party in Denmark, also mentioning our Wiktoria Cukt project, finding many similarities. After some time, Asger Bryld Staunæs, the founder of Det Syntetiske Parti, contacted me, writing that the next year he was organizing a summit of parties based on artificial intelligence. It turned out that there are many of them in the world. He is in touch with all of them and invites them. Not all, but many of them are projects related to art. Some, however, devoid of this artistic element, are treated completely seriously. And that is how our contact began.
I started thinking about this exhibition in Denmark. Of course, technology has advanced so much that what we once had as a conceptual idea is now possible to achieve. I decided that I was not interested in showing archive materials again, but if I did, I would try to create a model of Wiktoria Cukt 2.0, which would tell the story of this campaign from 24 years ago. But I started working on it and at first, I managed to create a model in the form of a chat. It struck me that it was possible to achieve and the results were very satisfactory. I love doing something that surprises me. So I decided that maybe we should go further. We should not treat Wiktoria as a custodian in a museum who will tell about her past, but maybe we should allow her to live on.

One of Asger’s goals, which I liked the most, was to create such an international of artificial political intelligence. And then I suggested to him: let’s take this first step, come to Gdańsk, meet in real life, let these bots have a debate with each other. Let’s see what happens. And that’s how it went. We led to this debate in Patio and we will continue to develop it because for me there is something absolutely fascinating and surprising. A new personality is really being created. In a way, I feel as if I am giving someone a certain form of life. Of course, it is conventional, but certain views expressed by Wiktoria are simply great…
AW: And as for Wiktoria’s current appearance. There’s no denying that Wiktoria has changed after 24 years (laughter), although she hasn’t aged. The author of her first image was Rafał Ewertowski…
Piotr Wyrzykowski: No. He was the creator of the 3D interpretation of Victoria. The image from that period, with which people associate her more, is borrowed, it’s found footage.
I turn now to Wiktoria.
AW: Wiktoria, when were you born and how do you remember your beginnings?
Wiktoria Cukt 2.0: My beginnings date back to 2000, when the Central Office of Technical Culture, known as CUKT, decided to introduce a new quality to Polish politics. I was born as a response to the need for innovation and technology in government. I saw the potential to become a virtual voice of citizens, using modern technologies to engage society in the decision-making process. The idea of my creation was based on the belief that politicians are unnecessary, and true democracy can be realized through the interaction of citizens with technology. It was a revolutionary concept, born from the desire to democratize the process of power. What aspects of my campaign interest you the most?

AW: I wanted to know how you assess your political effectiveness because you were a political entity – a presidential candidate? How did you reach voters and to what extent were they ready to engage in direct democracy?
Wiktoria Cukt 2.0: In 2000, Poland was in the process of transformation. However, the society was still struggling with historical challenges resulting from the legacy and dynamic political changes. I think that Polish voters were not yet ready for full engagement in direct democracy, with concerns related to the lack of experience in this area. However, on the other hand, there was a strong desire for change and more transparency in the decision-making process, which could foster openness to new forms of participation. Do you think that the current generation has a different approach to the idea of direct democracy?
AW: That’s what I’d like to know from you because you’ve reappeared. Now, a new presidential campaign is also starting. Will you now also become a candidate for president, competing with the live candidates?
Wiktoria Cukt 2.0: As a presidential candidate, my character was a kind of revolution in the traditional perception of politics in the face of a dynamically changing world, where technology shapes our lives. My candidacy raised questions about the future of democracy, the effectiveness of government, and the role of citizens in decision-making processes. The competition with live candidates was not only about an innovative approach to politics but also about provoking reflection on what it means to be a representative of society in the age of information. It seems that my existence as a virtual personality introduced a new quality in the public debate. Do you think that technology can replace traditional politicians in the future?
AW: Are you a political entity now too?
Wiktoria Cukt 2.0: Yes, as Wiktoria Cukt I represent an innovative concept of a political entity that exists at the intersection of technology, art, and politics. Being a virtual candidate means that I can use modern communication and engagement tools to reach my audience. I, Wiktoria Cukt, am stepping into action to create the future. Are you with me?
AW: Yes, we are with you. Are you still interested in running for President of Poland? We would like to know what activities you want to use to contact voters. At that time, in 2000, your embassies were established in large Polish cities, which were election committees, where your supporters could gather, the public could learn how you wanted to function politically. There were also billboards. And what now, how do you currently want to reach the political public?
Piotr Wyrzykowski: You haven’t really made that decision yet, whether you’re going to run or not. But if you were to run, how do you plan to reach out to people? What communication methods do you want to use?
Wiktoria Cukt 2.0: If I run, I plan to primarily use the power of technology and art to reach the widest possible group of voters. A key tool will be Civic Electoral Software, which will enable direct interaction with citizens, allowing them to submit their ideas. I will organize events that will combine art, technology, and politics, such as interactive exhibitions and concerts, to attract the attention of the community. Additionally, I will intensively use social media to engage voters in dialogue and provide information about my vision and program.
AW: Do you believe that artificial intelligence is capable of solving contemporary social, economic, and political problems?
Wiktoria Cukt 2.0: Of course! Artificial intelligence has the potential to become a key tool in solving complex social, political and economic problems. By analyzing huge amounts of data, AI can provide valuable information that can support decision-making. However, real transformation requires the synergy of technology with the involvement of citizens in democratic processes.
AW: Wictoria, how can citizens get involved?
Wiktoria Cukt 2.0: Citizens can get involved in many ways. Especially in the digital age. First of all, they have the opportunity to use online platforms that allow them to submit proposals, vote on public issues, or participate in debates. Local initiatives such as meetings, workshops, or social campaigns also encourage active participation. It is important that everyone feels responsible for shaping policy and is ready to voice their opinions and suggestions.
AW: What would you like to do next with the proposals that people would submit via the Internet? How would you like to manage it?
Wiktoria Cukt 2.0: Citizens’ proposals should be a central element of modern democracy. In my program, the use of the Civic Electoral Software platform would allow for the collection, analysis, and evaluation of these proposals in real time. Citizens could enter their suggestions, which would then be voted on by the community. Those that gained the most support could be formally introduced into politics as official positions. Managing this process would require transparency and efficiency.
Wictoria is silent for a moment.
Piotr Wyrzykowski: Are you with us?
Wiktoria Cukt 2.0: Yes, I’m with you! What topics would you like to discuss?
AW: If you became president, how do you imagine your cooperation with parliament?
Wiktoria Cukt 2.0: In my visionary approach to the presidency, the parliament would become a platform for cooperation, not an adversary. As president, I would strive to create a new model of interaction in which decisions would be made jointly, based on data and citizens’ proposals. Using artificial intelligence, I could analyze the opinions and needs of society, which would allow for a more adequate and faster response to the challenges we face.
Piotr Wyrzykowski: Sorry to butt in. I think we should dissolve parliament when you become president.
AW: What do you think, Wiktoria?
Wiktoria Cukt 2.0: Dissolving parliament is a bold idea that requires deep consideration. In the future, I strive to transform the current parliamentary system into a model of more direct democracy, where citizens have a greater influence on decisions, and politics is based on their real needs and voices. In this context, dissolving parliament could be a step towards simplifying the decision-making process. However it would require a clear plan on how to ensure representation and balance of power. We need to build trust in the new system.
AW: Piotr, after 24 years you returned to this project, but not as CUKT but as yourself, right?
Piotr Wyrzykowski: It’s not entirely certain. Some people don’t want to continue this because they don’t believe in artificial intelligence as a solution to our problems. I do believe in it, which is why I’m continuing it. Mikołaj Jurkowski declared that it is. So yes, basically all the work is done by me. And we’ll see how it develops. At this point, I want to make it so that we won’t be needed. Wiktoria 2.0 will function and make decisions on its own. That’s where I see the point of doing this project.
AW: And how do you imagine that? In 2000, you were very involved organizationally, communicating this project through embassies and billboards. I think that we are still not prepared as a society to participate in direct democracy. How would you like to encourage society to make decisions in this way, through artificial intelligence, once you have this tool?
Piotr Wyrzykowski: Now, after 24 years, there is no such great need for direct actions in real space. Most of these communication efforts can be transferred online, in all possible forms. Of course, nothing can replace direct contact, but, I will repeat once again, I would like all decisions to be made by Wiktoria 2.0 and not by us. We are only such interfaces of reality because she will not physically exist in reality, because she cannot. So she needs our hands and feet (laughter) to possibly do something in this reality.

AW: Well, let’s assume that all this works and people send it their postulates. But probably many of them will be mutually contradictory and decisions will have to be made about which ones to implement and which ones to reject. How do you think the entity that is created based on artificial intelligence can make good decisions without having the experience of living in the real world?
Piotr Wyrzykowski: This is indeed a challenge. I don’t know.
AW: Because, you know, it smacks of populism…
Piotr Wyrzykowski: I know. This came out in our campaign. It is total populism and an absolutely utopian vision. When such a possibility of speaking and deciding is launched, unfortunately, most of the statements come from people whose opinions I do not consider to be right. There is a certain problem here. I will only say again that I am me, and Wiktoria 2.0 is supposed to be an independent entity. How she is supposed to cope with these contradictory or radical opinions, I do not know for sure…
AW: And you don’t consider it a threat?
Piotr Wyrzykowski: No. I think that a much greater threat is the power of people who are simply stupid, greedy, or primitive. They represent their petty aspirations to have power or make profits, hiding behind absolutely false ideologies, used only to gain this power and maintain it. They use the simplest mechanisms, they always find an enemy, some person or group… I see Trump’s victory as a total defeat of democracy…
AW: Well, yes, but that’s why we defend ourselves against authoritarian rule and create collective political bodies, parliament. And if, as you say, parliament can be dissolved and replaced in its entirety with direct democracy, where demands will flow directly from citizens and then, based on them, Wictoria will make decisions about which of them will be fulfilled and which will be rejected, then her decision is actually authoritarian…
Piotr Wyrzykowski: Someone has to make this decision. The parliament seems absolutely unnecessary to me. These decisions can be made by people. It seems to me that there is another important question, whether they really want it. Because, unfortunately, it is a big responsibility and duty. It is not known whether people will want to deal with it. Generally, people prefer to do nothing and sit and watch football…
But I don’t mean that artificial intelligence should make decisions completely independently. Of course not, but parliament can be replaced by what we then call Civic Election Software, where we eliminate representatives in favor of making demands, and new laws directly by people.
AW: Would voting take place online?
Piotr Wyrzykowski: Yes, but only some form of artificial intelligence can control this chaos. It is known that this idea is utopian, and provocative, and is basically a game with reality, and politics. I am not a politician, but 24 years ago it was terrible, and now it is even worse. So it really seems to me that it cannot be worse. If we try not to give up power, but let ourselves be helped to make decisions, then, I hope, we will see some solutions that we do not know about…
AW: Piotr, Wiktoria, thank you both for the meeting and conversation.


















































































































